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Enhanced capital-asset pricing model for the reconstruction of bipartite financial networks

机译:增强资本资产定价模型重建二分法   金融网络

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摘要

Reconstructing patterns of interconnections from partial information is oneof the most important issues in the statistical physics of complex networks. Aparamount example is provided by financial networks. In fact, the spreading andamplification of financial distress in capital markets is strongly affected bythe interconnections among financial institutions. Yet, while the aggregatebalance sheets of institutions are publicly disclosed, information on singlepositions is mostly confidential and, as such, unavailable. Standard approachesto reconstruct the network of financial interconnection produce unrealisticallydense topologies, leading to a biased estimation of systemic risk. Moreover,reconstruction techniques are generally designed for monopartite networks ofbilateral exposures between financial institutions, thus failing in reproducingbipartite networks of security holdings (\eg, investment portfolios). Here wepropose a reconstruction method based on constrained entropy maximization,tailored for bipartite financial networks. Such a procedure enhances thetraditional {\em capital-asset pricing model} (CAPM) and allows to reproducethe correct topology of the network. We test this ECAPM method on a dataset,collected by the European Central Bank, of detailed security holdings ofEuropean institutional sectors over a period of six years (2009-2015). Ourapproach outperforms the traditional CAPM and the recently proposed MECAPM bothin reproducing the network topology and in estimating systemic risk due tofire-sales spillovers. In general, ECAPM can be applied to the whole class ofweighted bipartite networks described by the fitness model.
机译:从部分信息重构互连模式是复杂网络统计物理学中最重要的问题之一。金融网络提供了最重要的例子。实际上,金融危机在资本市场中的扩散和放大受到金融机构之间相互联系的强烈影响。然而,尽管机构的资产负债表已公开披露,但有关单一头寸的信息大多是机密的,因此是不可用的。重建金融互连网络的标准方法会产生不切实际的密集拓扑,从而导致系统性风险的估计偏差。此外,重建技术通常设计用于金融机构之间的双边敞口的单方网络,因此无法复制证券持有的双方网络(例如,投资组合)。在此,我们提出了一种基于约束熵最大化的重构方法,适用于两方金融网络。这样的过程增强了传统的{\ em资本资产定价模型}(CAPM),并允许重现网络的正确拓扑。我们在欧洲中央银行收集的数据集上测试了这种ECAPM方法,该数据集涵盖了六年(2009-2015年)期间欧洲机构部门的详细证券持有量。我们的方法在重现网络拓扑结构以及估计因火力销售溢出造成的系统性风险方面都优于传统的CAPM和最近提出的MECAPM。通常,ECAPM可以应用于适应模型描述的整个一类加权二分网络。

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